新时代国有林场改革的若干问题探讨

国有林场是我国生态文明建设的主力军。随着我国城市化建设步伐的不断加速,生态环境问题业日益突出,如何在保护生态环境的同时,加快经济建设的发展,成为当今林业领域的热点研究问题。本文从国有林场改革的意义、公益性国有林场的特点、国有林场改革的思路及建议、国有林场发展的方向及途径、国有林场可持续发展的措施等方面进行了探讨,以期为国有林场的发展提供借鉴。     

上海市农民宅基地置换思考与探索——以奉贤区四团镇为例

通过对上海市奉贤区四团镇农民宅基地置换案例的剖析,指出了安置方式单一、宅基地置换资金收支不平衡、置换后农民权益保障不足等问题,给出了探寻多元化安置方式、搭建资金平台、完善后续保障体系等有效的解决方法及途径。     

温度和密度对日本医蛭繁殖的影响

在实验室网箱中,研究温度(24±1)℃和(20±1℃)与密度(200尾/箱和100尾/箱)对平均体质量1g左右的日本医蛭Hirudo nipponia亲蛭交配率、减重率、产茧数量和体质量的影响,比较卵茧质量(0.05g、0.05~0.1g和0.1g)对孵出仔蛭数量的影响。结果表明:温度(24±1)℃、密度100尾/箱时亲蛭交配率(86±0.06)%和平均产茧量(0.87±0.14)枚/尾最高;亲蛭产茧后平均体质量下降(32.1±0.059)%;繁殖期间共收集卵茧870枚,孵化率87.47%;平均卵茧质量为(0.11±0.009)g(变化范围0.03g~0.25g);密度和温度对产茧量的影响极显著(P0.01),对卵茧平均质量和长短径的影响不显著(P0.05);(24±1)℃组亲蛭的产茧时间比(20±1)℃组缩短10~15d,单日卵茧最高收集量为43枚,(20±1)℃时单日最高收集量24枚;卵茧共孵出仔蛭5 648尾,随着卵茧质量增加产出的仔蛭数量和质量也增加。     

“一分钟游程”构园法则的适用性研究

“一分钟游程”构园法则将人的视觉感受与园林组景共同考虑,以25~30 m作为组景转换的理想距离,对游路结构进行反复烘托与不断强化,从而形成柔和、丰富的“构景曲线”。选择南北方各具代表性的苏州沧浪亭和北京恭王府花园,分析其园林的景观布局,对比园林空间序列的“起”“承”“转”“合”间距。结果表明,“一分钟游程”构园法则在南方私家园林及北方皇家园林中同样适用,为今后的游线组织与组景布设提供了设计参考。     

Antioxidant,anti-amylase and anti-glycation potential of brans of some Sri Lankan traditional and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Brans of 23 traditional and 12 improved (both red and white) rice varieties in Sri Lanka were screened for anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities in vitro. Varieties which showed the highest inhibitory activities at screening were further investigated for anti-glucosidase and glycation reversing as anti-diabetic properties. The same varieties were studied for selected antioxidant properties. Significantly high anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities were observed for bran extracts of red varieties compared to white varieties at screening. Traditional red rice varieties, Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti, exhibited significant and dose dependent anti-amylase, anti-glycation and glycation reversing activities. These varieties also showed marked antioxidant properties. It is concluded that brans of Sri Lankan traditional red rice varieties Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti may be potential food supplements for diabetes.     

Fusarium solani Upregulated Sesquiterpene Synthase Expression,Sesquiterpene Production and Allelopathic Activity in Piper betle L.

Activators of sesquiterpene synthase (STS) gene expression and sesquiterpene production in Piper betle L. were examined using quantitative real time PCR and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods, and the allelopathic activity of untreated and Fusarium solani-treated betel extracts was tested on seed germination and on the shoot and root growth of Thai rice variety PSL2 (Oryza sativa cv. Phitsanulok 2) and three dominant paddy weeds (Eclipta prostrata, Echinochloa crus-galli and Chloris barbata). The results demonstrated that F. solani dramatically upregulated STS expression and productions of β-cubebene, β-caryophyllene and germacrene D sesquiterpene when compared with the untreated control, and that betel extracts had a greater inhibitory effect on weeds than on rice. The effects were more clearly detected on seed germination and root growth than on shoot growth, and they were found to be dose-dependent. It is also noted that F. solani-treated extract had stronger effects than the untreated extract. The species most sensitive to the allelopathic effects was C. barbata, germination of which was completely inhibited even at a dose of 0.1 mg/mL untreated extract. With regards to rice, although betel extract at 1.0 mg/mL showed no inhibition on germination, it affected the elongation of rice roots, in addition to those of the tested weeds. The obtained data suggested that F. solani has potential as an activator of sesquiterpene allelochemical production via STS expression, the latter leading to the treated betel extract having a stronger phytotoxic effect. These results were beneficial in the promotion of natural herbicide production using biotechnology.     

异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究

2010年4～6月,对野生异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax o' connori)人工规模化繁殖技术进行研究,并初步进行产后亲鱼恢复培养技术研究.对108尾雌鱼进行干法人工授精,共采卵104万多粒,孵出仔鱼62万多尾.其中45尾雌亲鱼自然成熟,共采卵46.8万多粒,平均受精率和孵化率低于人工催产雌鱼卵.人工催产83...     

永安市美丽乡村建设成效、问题与对策

美丽乡村是"生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主"的"二十字"方针贯彻落实的成果展现。在生态文明视角下建设美丽乡村是目前我国正在全力规划实施的一个重大工程。该文总结了福建省永安市美丽乡村建设所取得的成效,分析了制约其发展的因素,并提出对策建议。     

6种药剂对柑橘大实蝇成虫防效研究

摘要：为巩固发展云阳优质柑桔支柱产业，探索诱杀柑桔大实蝇成虫的环保药剂，结果表明，参试的6种药剂防效均达80%以上，绿色防控药剂0.1%阿维菌素果瑞特果实蝇诱杀剂、0.1%阿维菌素糖酒醋液防效分别达98.7%、97.68%,优于敌百虫、乙基多杀菌素、毒死蜱和阿维菌素；食物诱杀药剂防治柑桔大实蝇成虫，应在果园监测到成虫开始取食或羽化出土始期给药，并持续于整个羽化、取食、产卵期，喷洒颗粒液体诱杀效果显著。     

大兴安岭北部林区森林防火基础设施建设成效及对策

大兴安岭北部林区森林防火基础设施建设项目是建国后国家一次性用于国有林区森林防火投资最大的基础设施建设工程。介绍了该项目建设的基本情况,总结了主要建设成效,分析了存在问题,提出了相关对策建议。